Simplicity Chasers
FM Research Hub/Technology & Smart Buildings

Hakimi, O., Liu, H., & Abudayyeh, O. (2023) · Digital Twin-Enabled Smart Facility Management: A Bibliometric Review

Moving from 3D models to living 'Digital Twins' that tell you exactly when a machine needs service.

With over 105 citations since publication, this is one of the most-read papers in the current era of FM technology. Hakimi et al. trace how the industry is rapidly transitioning from static Building Information Modelling (BIM) — essentially a smart 3D drawing — to dynamic Digital Twins (DT): live virtual replicas of a building that update in real time using IoT sensor data and AI. The result is predictive maintenance: the system tells you a pump will fail in 11 days, before it does.


Original quote

"The integration of real-time IoT data with 3D spatial models creates a bidirectional data flow that enables predictive maintenance far more cost-effectively than conventional condition-based approaches." — Hakimi et al. (2023)

What this actually means

1

A Digital Twin is not just a 3D model — it is a live, data-connected replica of a physical space that updates continuously as conditions change

2

The shift from BIM to Digital Twin is the single biggest technological transition happening in FM right now — it changes FM from reactive management to predictive intelligence

3

IoT sensors embedded in HVAC systems, elevators, lighting, and infrastructure feed real-time performance data into the twin, enabling anomaly detection before failures occur

4

AI and machine learning analyse the data streams to identify patterns that no human could detect manually — reducing unplanned downtime by up to 30–40% in documented cases

5

The technology is no longer experimental: enterprise-scale deployments are live in healthcare, logistics, and corporate real estate across Europe

What you could do with this

An explainer tool that visualises the difference between a BIM model and a Digital Twin for non-technical stakeholders

A Digital Twin readiness checklist for FM teams: what infrastructure, data, and processes need to be in place before implementing DT

A cost-benefit calculator comparing predictive maintenance (via DT) vs conventional planned maintenance schedules

Tools built on this research

Full reference

Hakimi, O., Liu, H., & Abudayyeh, O. (2023). Digital twin-enabled smart facility management: A bibliometric review. Frontiers of Engineering Management, 11(1), 32–49.

Read the original source ↗

All translations and summaries are provided for educational purposes. Simplicity Chasers does not hold copyright over the referenced works.